Minecraft potions: every brewing recipe

You brew Minecraft potions in a brewing stand: fill glass bottles with water, add nether wart to make an awkward potion, then add the ingredient for the potion you want, such as sugar for Swiftness. Blaze powder is the fuel, redstone makes a potion last longer and glowstone makes it stronger.

Below are all the recipes, checked against Java 26.3 and Bedrock 26.52.

What do you need to start brewing?

• Brewing stand: one blaze rod over three cobblestone (blackstone or cobbled deepslate works too). Blaze rods drop from blazes in Nether fortresses. Some village churches already have a brewing stand inside.
• Blaze powder: crafted from a blaze rod. One powder fuels 20 brews.
• Water bottles: glass bottles filled at a water source or cauldron.
• Nether wart: grows on soul sand in Nether fortresses and bastions. Plant some on soul sand at home and you’ll never run out.

1. Put blaze powder in the top-left slot.
2. Place up to three water bottles in the bottom slots.
3. Add nether wart at the top. Twenty seconds later you have three awkward potions.
4. Add your potion’s ingredient at the top, for example a golden carrot for Night Vision.
5. Finish it off with redstone, glowstone, gunpowder or dragon’s breath if you like.

What are all the potion recipes?

Unless the table says otherwise, the ingredient goes on an awkward potion. Times are for Java; in Bedrock, extended Regeneration and extended Poison last two minutes. Three of the four potions added in 1.21 trigger when the affected mob dies: Wind Charging releases a burst of wind, Weaving leaves cobwebs and Oozing spawns two slimes. Infestation sometimes releases silverfish when the mob is hit.

How do you make potions stronger or last longer?

• Redstone dust: the potion lasts longer, usually 8/3 times as long. Three minutes becomes eight.
• Glowstone dust: the effect gets stronger (level II), but usually shorter.
• You can’t do both. A potion is either extended or enhanced.
• Fermented spider eye: usually flips the effect, turning Swiftness into Slowness, for example. Craft it from a spider eye, a brown mushroom and sugar.

What are splash and lingering potions?

Gunpowder turns any potion into a splash potion that you throw, hitting everyone nearby. Add dragon’s breath to a splash potion and it becomes a lingering potion, which leaves a cloud behind. You collect dragon’s breath by catching the Ender Dragon’s purple breath in a glass bottle. Surround a lingering potion with eight arrows on a crafting table and you get eight tipped arrows with the same effect.

Which potions do you actually need?

• Fire Resistance for the Nether, so lava can’t hurt you.
• Night Vision and Water Breathing for building underwater or raiding an ocean monument.
• Strength, Healing and Regeneration for tough fights.
• Slow Falling when you build high up.
• Splash Weakness plus a golden apple to cure a zombie villager. Why that pays off is explained in how to breed villagers in Minecraft.

Effects also come from commands: /effect give @s minecraft:night_vision infinite gives you night vision that never runs out. More in our list of useful Minecraft commands. And to make your gear stronger too, see the best Minecraft enchantments.

Brewing on a server

Each brew takes twenty seconds, so building a stock takes a while. On a server with friends you can split the work: someone fetches nether wart and blaze rods, someone else runs the brewing stands. Just agree who gets to empty the potion chest.